Input is the raw information entered into a computer from the input devices. It is the
collection of letters, numbers, images etc. Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Digital/Web Camera,
Joystick etc. are some of the input devices.
Process:
Process is the operation of data as per given instruction. It is totally internal process of
the computer system. CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the main Processing Device.
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Output:
Output is the processed data given by computer after data processing. Output is also
called as Result. We can save these results in the storage devices for the future use. Monitor
(Screen) and Printer are the major Output Devices.
CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER
Speed:
Computer performs complex calculation at a very high speed. This speed varies from a
few micro second to nanoseconds. This is the major factor, which is mainly responsible for
the development of computers.
Fractions of a Second:
1 Millisecond = 1/1000th of a Second (10-3)
1 Microsecond = 1/1000000th of a Second (10-6)
1 Nanosecond = 1/1000000000th of a Second (10-9)
1 Pico Second = 1/1000000000000th of a Second (10-12)
Accuracy
Computers are very accurate. We know that the computer perform any task under the
set of instruction called program. So, it does not do anything without program. Thus, it can
perform any operation accurately.
Computer always gives 100% actual output (result), if the user provides correct input
and instructions. If any mistake occurs in any calculation they are due to manual error but
not of computer. Since it is 100% accurate, it is reliable.
Storage capability:
The computers have the ability to store a huge amount of data in its secondary devices
like floppy and hard disk. The stored information also can retrieve immediately. This helps in
analyzing data and taking quick decisions. The storing capacity of computer is expressed in
Bytes. Normally one byte stores one character of data.
0, 1 = 1 Bit
4 Bits = 1 Nibble
8 Bits (2 Nibble) = 1 Byte
1 Byte = 1 Character
1024 Byte = 1 KB (Kilo Byte)
1024 KB = 1 MB (Mega Byte)
1024 MB = 1 GB (Giga Byte)
1024 GB = 1 TB (Tera Byte)
Versatility:
Computers are being used in different fields such as offices, schools, hospitals etc. to
perform various tasks. Versatile means ability to perform various task and computer can
capable to do so. A computer can process any kind of data.
Diligence:
Diligence is a capability of performing repeated operation without any tiredness and
any mistakes. A computer is capable of performing the required task continuously with the
same speed, accuracy and efficiency without any error. This characteristic of computer
makes it useful for repetitive jobs like process control and quality control.
Reliability:
Computer output is generally very reliable, if the input data and instruction is correct.
Incorrect data and unreliable programs give us computer errors and wrong results. Since
the computer is 100% accurate, it is reliable.
Indescribable benefits:
Many organizations and companies use computers for indescribable benefits such as
flexibility, business growth and the psychological factor for attracting consumers to buy their
products or services.

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